Choline, an essential vitamin found in phospholipids, is gaining traction in poultry research. While synthetic choline chloride (CCL) has been the go-to source, its limitations have spurred the quest for natural alternatives. This study explored a polyherbal formulation (PHF) as a potential CCL substitute in broiler diets. Impact of PHF evaluated on performance, liver health, and abdominal and liver fat content in 200 Cobb 430 Y chicks. Five groups, each with 40 birds, received either a control diet or a control diet supplemented with CCL (1000 g/ton), a combination of CCL and Liv.52 Protec powder (LPP) (250 g/ton), or two different PHF inclusion levels (500 and 750 g/ton).Interestingly, birds fed diets containing either CCL or PHF displayed improved body weight (up to 7.30% increase) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), meaning they required less feed to gain 1 kg of weight gain compared to the control group. Notably, the 500 g/ton PHF group boasted the most impressive gains in carcass traits. Furthermore, both PHF inclusion levels yielded similar benefits for liver enzymes as the standard CCL supplementation.Based on these findings, PHF holds promise as a 500 g/ton replacement for synthetic CCL in broiler diets. This potentially unlocks an alternative that maintains performance and supports liver health.

The research aims to determine the effect of supplementation of gamal leaf flour in feed on consumption, digestibility, feed conversion and body weight gain in goats. The research material used five male kacang goats aged 11-12 months with an average initial body weight of 13.39 ± 1.15 kg. The research used a 5 x 5 Latin Square Design (RBSL), the treatment consisted of 5 levels of gamal leaf flour supplementation in concentrate feed, namely; 0%, 3%, 7%, 12%, and 15%. Variables measured include: feed consumption, feed digestibility, PBBH, and feed conversion. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with the honest significant difference test (BNJ) on treatments that showed significant differences. The results showed that the level of supplementation of gamal leaf flour in feed had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the consumption of dry matter, organic matter and crude fiber but had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the consumption of crude protein. The treatment level of gamal leaf flour supplementation also had a significant effect (P<0.05) on feed ingredient digestibility but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on PBBB and feed conversion. It was concluded that gamal leaf flour could partially replace the use of conventional feed ingredients in concentrates.

Commercial hatcheries often store eggs before incubation, and one method used to enhance hatchability is egg turning during this storage period. This study focuses on exploring how egg storage affects egg weight changes and how turning during storage can impact chick hatching. The experiment involved assessing the influence of storage duration and egg turning on egg quality, hatchability, and residual analysis. Researchers gathered 420 hatching eggs from a 55-week-old commercial Cobb500 breeder flock and stored them according to different treatment conditions. The experiment was designed using a completely randomized 3×2 factorial design, incorporating three different storage periods (3, 8, and 13 days) and the practice of egg turning (180° rotations once daily) or no turning during storage. This design resulted in six distinct treatment groups. The stored eggs were then incubated to hatch, and various parameters such as chick weights were recorded, along with calculating the hatchability rate. The association between weight changes across different storage periods was determined using a paired t-test, while categorical variables and the difference in hatchability outcomes were assessed using the Pearson chi-square test at a 95% confidence level, using SPSS version 23.0. The results showed a significant difference in egg weight between the different storage durations, both with egg turning and without (P<0.001). During the incubation period, there was a significant difference in egg weight among all treatments (P<0.001). Fertile hatchability was highest (92%) for eggs stored for 3 days with turning, while it was slightly lower in the non-turning condition and in eggs stored for 8 days, under both turning and non-turning conditions. As the storage period increased to 13 days without turning, hatchability decreased to 72%, accompanied by an increase in embryonic death. However, when turning was implemented, the results were similar to those of the 8-day storage period. Additionally, there were no significant differences in chick weights among eggs from the three different storage periods (P>0.05).